SQL Server Space Usage

SQL Server Space Usage

Hello there, this post can explain various ways to know the SQL Server Space Usage information. Here are the different ways available:

XP_FIXEDDRIVES SP_SPACEUSED SP_HELPDB DBCC SQLPERF (LOGSPACE) sys.dm_os_volume_stats Database and file wise Space usage Used Space and Free Space For a given Database Table wise space usage in a given database Using SSMS Standard Reports XP_CMDSHELL PowerShell Script XP_FIXEDDRIVES:

This is simple and straight method when we think of SQL Server Space Usage. It gets the drive free space information.

But we can’t know the Total Drive space, let’s say D drive is having 100 GB in which 60 GB is used and 40 GB is free then this command can only get us the free space information 40 GB.

/*********************************/ /**** Diskspace Report ***********/ /**** Tested: 2005, 2008, ********/ /**** 2008 R2, 2012, 2014, 2016 **/ /*********************************/ EXEC XP_FIXEDDRIVES; SP_SPACEUSED

This can quickly get the Database and table space information. For database it captures total size, un-allocated space, data and index space details. For a given table it captures the total number of rows, reserved space, Data, Index and unused space information.

/*********************************************/ /**** Database & Table Space Usage ***********/ /**** Tested: 2008, 2008 R2 ******************/ /**** 2012, 2014, 2016 ***************/ /*********************************************/ -- To capture the Database Space information EXEC SP_SPACEUSED; -- To capture the given table Space information SP_SPACEUSED '[SCHEMA].[TABLE]'; SP_HELPDB:

It’s one of the best handy commands which can quickly captures all databases space and other information from the given SQL Server instance. It gets the database name, total size, owner, current status and compatibility level etc. Also this system stored procedure can be used for a specific database where it can get more useful information about the given database including the physical file path and file size.

/*********************************************/ /**** Database space and other information ***/ /**** Tested: 2008, 2008 R2 ******************/ /**** 2012, 2014, 2016 ***************/ /*********************************************/ --Capture All databases information from the SQL instance EXEC SP_HELPDB; --Capture the given database information EXEC SP_HELPDB 'Master'; DBCC SQLPERF (LOGSPACE):

This is the quickest way to check the log usage for all databases in the instance. It captures log size, space used percentage and status.

/**************************************************/ /**** Log Space Usage Report for All databases*****/ /**** Tested: 2008, 2008 R2 ***********************/ /**** 2012, 2014, 2016 ********************/ /**************************************************/ DBCC SQLPERF(LOGSPACE); sys.dm_os_volume_stats:

When we use XP_FIXEDDRIVES we can’t capture only the free space information, to get the total drive space information we can get it using “sys.dm_os_volume_stats”. Disk space details retrieved when only the drives containing any Database files from this instance. Let’s say the OS is attached the drives C, D, E, H and T. And no data or log file are located on C and H drive then the below query couldn’t get the C & H drive information rather it can capture the total and free space information from remaining drives.

/*********************************************/ /**** Drive Total and Free space info ********/ /**** Tested: 2008, 2008 R2 ******************/ /**** 2012, 2014, 2016 ***************/ /*********************************************/ SELECT [Total(GB)], [FreeSpace(GB)], CAST(([FreeSpace(GB)]*100)/[Total(GB)] AS DECIMAL(15,2)) AS [%FreeSpace] FROM (SELECT DISTINCT OVS.volume_mount_point [Drive], CAST(OVS.total_bytes / 1073741824 AS DECIMAL(15,2)) [Total(GB)], CAST(OVS.available_bytes / 1073741824 AS DECIMAL(15,2)) [FreeSpace(GB)] FROM sys.master_files SMF CROSS APPLY sys.dm_os_volume_stats(SMF.database_id, SMF.[file_id]) OVS ) AS Result; Database and File wise Space Usage:

Here is the query to get database and the individual file (Data and Log) wise space usage information.

/*********************************************/ /**** Data and Log file wise Disk Usage ******/ /**** Tested: 2008, 2008 R2 ******************/ /**** 2012, 2014, 2016 ***************/ /*********************************************/ -- Data and Log file wise space usage for all databases SELECTD.name AS 'DB_Name', CASE WHEN MF.[Type] = 0 THEN 'DATA' ELSE 'LOG' END AS 'File_Type', MF.Name as 'File_Name', CAST((SUM(size)*8)/1024.00 AS DECIMAL(15,2)) AS [Disk_Space(MB)], CAST((SUM(size)*8)/(1024.00 * 1024.00) AS DECIMAL(15,2)) AS [Disk_Space(GB)] FROMsys.databases D JOINsys.master_files MF OND.database_id=MF.database_id GROUP BYD.name,MF.Name,MF.Type ORDER BYD.name,MF.Name,MF.Type; -- Database wisetotal disk usage in a given instance SELECTD.name AS 'DB_Name', CAST((SUM(size)*8)/1024.00 AS DECIMAL(15,2)) AS [Total_Disk_Space(MB)], CAST((SUM(size)*8)/(1024.00 * 1024.00) AS DECIMAL(15,2)) AS [Total_Disk_Space(GB)] FROMsys.databases D JOINsys.master_files MF OND.database_id=MF.database_id GROUP BYD.name ORDER BYD.name; Used Space and Free Space For a given Database:

The most common situation is to identifying the available free space for a given single database. The below query can help you in identifying the percentage free space in a given database.

/**************************************************/ /**** For a given database used and free space ****/ /**** Tested: 2008, 2008 R2 ***********************/ /**** 2012, 2014, 2016 ********************/ /**************************************************/ SELECT [Database], [File_Name], [FileGroup_Name], File_Path, [Total_Space(MB)], [Available_Space(MB)], CAST([Total_Space(MB)]/1024 AS DECIMAL(15,2)) AS [Total_Space(GB)], CAST([Available_Space(MB)]/1024 AS DECIMAL(15,2)) AS [Available_Space(GB)], CAST(([Available_Space(MB)]*100)/[Total_Space(MB)] AS DECIMAL(15,2)) AS '%_Free' FROM (SELECT DB_NAME() AS 'Database', df.name AS [File_Name], ds.name AS [FileGroup_Name], df.physical_name AS [File_Path], CAST((df.size/128.0) AS DECIMAL(15,2)) AS [Total_Space(MB)], CAST(df.size/128.0 - CAST(FILEPROPERTY(df.name, 'SpaceUsed') AS int)/128.0 AS DECIMAL(15,2)) AS [Available_Space(MB)] FROM sys.database_files AS df WITH (NOLOCK) LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.data_spaces AS ds WITH (NOLOCK) ON df.data_space_id = ds.data_space_id) AS Result; Table wise Disk Space Usage:

The below query gets you the “Table Wise disk space information” which can be helpful to identify the critical tables in a given database ,here you can find more information.

/**************************************************/ /**** Table wise Disk Space Report ****************/ /**** Tested: 2008, 2008 R2 ***********************/ /**** 2012, 2014, 2016 ********************/ /**************************************************/ SET NOCOUNT ON; BEGIN TRY --Create a temparory table CREATE TABLE #Tab( [Name] NVARCHAR(128), [Rows] CHAR(11), [Reserved] VARCHAR(18), [Data] VARCHAR(18), [Index_size] VARCHAR(18), [Unused] VARCHAR(18)); --Capture all tables data allocation information INSERT #Tab